Contains 17 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
Classification
Citation
SAGITTARIA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 993. 1753.
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TYPE: Sagittaria sagittifolia Linnaeus Lectotypified by Small, in Britton, N. Amer. Fl. 17(1): 51. 1909.
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sagittaria australis | Appalachian Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria calycina | Hooded Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria chapmanii | Chapman's Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria engelmanniana | Engalmann's Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria fasciculata | Bunched Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria filiformis | Threadleaf Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria graminea | Grassy Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria isoetiformis | Quillwort Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria lancifolia var. lancifolia | Bulltongue Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria lancifolia var. media | Bulltongue Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria latifolia var. latifolia | Broadleaf Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria latifolia var. pubescens | Hairy Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria macrocarpa | Large-fruited Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria montevidensis | Giant Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria platyphylla | Delta Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria subulata | Dwarf Arrowhead | |||
| Sagittaria weatherbiana | Weatherby’s Arrowhead |
Identification Key
1. Blade base of emergent leaves uniformly cordate, sagittate, to hastate
2
1. Blade base of emergent leaves rounded to acute (rarely a few cordate, sagittate, to hastate) or leaves bladeless phyllodia
5
2. Rhizomatous and stoloniferous; fruiting pedicels recurved (rarely spreading); pistillate sepals mostly erect and closely enclosing flower or fruiting head, occasionally spreading to recurved; petals with a purple to greenish spot at the base
2. Stoloniferous only; fruiting pedicels spreading to ascending or absent; pistillate sepals mostly spreading to recurved, not enclosing flower; petals white
3
3. Leaves and bracts glabrous or pubescent; nodal bracts 3-8 mm long, connate at least ¼ total length; achene face without wings, with (0)1(2) glands, beak horizontal and 1-2 mm long
3. Leaves and bracts glabrous or papillate; nodal bracts 5-13(30) mm long, distinct or connate much less than ¼ total length; achene face with 0-2 wings, 0 glands, beak ascending to recurved and 1-17 mm long
4
4. Inflorescence of 5-12 whorls; nodal bracts 7-13(30) mm long; achene face with 0-2 wings, 0 glands, beak ascending to recurved and 4-17 mm long
4. Inflorescence of 2-4 whorls; nodal bracts 5-13(25) mm long; achene face with 1-3 wings, 1-2 glands, beak ascending to recurved and 1-2 mm long
5. Filaments glabrous; pistillate sepals mostly erect and closely enclosing flower or fruiting head, occasionally spreading to recurved; fruiting pedicels recurved (rarely spreading), usually thicker than staminate pedicels
6
5. Filaments pubescent; pistillate sepals mostly spreading to recurved, not enclosing flower; fruiting pedicels spreading to ascending or absent
9
6. Leaves with distinct blades to 6 cm wide; filaments pubescent
6. Leaves bladeless or the blades to 3 cm wide; filaments glabrous
7
7. Plant usually <11 cm tall or long; leaves 1-5 mm wide, phyllodia lenticular in cross section; fruiting pedicels 0.2-1.1 cm long; mostly brackish waters
7. Plant usually >9 cm tall or long; leaves 2.5-25 mm wide, phyllodia flattened in cross section; fruiting pedicels 1.5-6.5 cm long; mostly fresh waters
8
8. Plant submersed to emergent or stranded; leaves 5-50 cm long (rarely 100+ cm long), usually some lateral or cross venation evident, all phyllodia or some with floating or emergent, ovate to elliptic blades
8. Plant submersed (rarely stranded); leaves 30-200(250) cm long, lateral or cross venation obscure, all phyllodia and bladeless
9. Rhizomes lacking, stolons and corms present; phyllodia or blades 1-5 mm wide (sheath at base to 10 mm wide), lateral or cross venation obscure; inflorescence of 1-5 whorls; bracts to 4 mm long; filaments dilated at base
9. Rhizomes coarse, stolons and corms lacking; phyllodia or blades 2-250 mm wide (sheath at base 4-50 mm wide), usually some lateral or cross venation evident; inflorescence of 1-13 whorls; bracts 3-10(50) mm long; filaments dilated or not at base
10
10. Leaves 1-25 cm wide; bracts and sepals papillose or not; filaments longer than anthers, cylindric, not dilated at base
11
10. Leaves 0.5-4 cm wide; bracts and sepals not papillose; filaments shorter than to subequal to anthers, dilated at base
12
11. Bracts and sepals striate to ribbed
11. Bracts and sepals papillose
12. Bracts free or connate <1/4 of length, tips acuminate; inflorescence usually paniculate, branching at the proximal nodes
12. Bracts connate at least 1/4 of length, tips obtuse to acute; inflorescence usually racemose, not branching at the proximal nodes
13
13. Phyllodia 0.2-1.3 cm wide; pistillate pedicels 0.5-3 cm long
13. Phyllodia 1-2.5 cm wide; pistillate pedicels 2.1-5 cm long
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| No synonyms found. | |||