Contains 32 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
Classification
Citation
VIOLA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 933. 1753.
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TYPE: Viola odorata Linnaeus Lectotypified by Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2. 2: 546. 1913.
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Viola affinis | LeConte’s Violet, Sand Violet | |||
| Viola arvensis | European Field Pansy | |||
| Viola blanda | Sweet White Violet | |||
| Viola brittoniana | Northern Coastal Violet, Coast Violet | |||
| Viola canadensis | Tall White Violet | |||
| Viola cucullata | Marsh Blue Violet, Bog Violet | |||
| Viola edulis | Salad Violet | |||
| Viola emarginata var. emarginata | Triangle-leaved Violet | |||
| Viola eriocarpa | Smooth Yellow Forest Violet | |||
| Viola glaberrima | ||||
| Viola hastata | Spearleaf Violet, Silverleaf Violet, Halberd-leaf Violet, Halberd-leaved Yellow Violet | |||
| Viola hirsutula | Wood Violet | |||
| Viola labradorica | American Dog-violet | |||
| Viola lanceolata | Lanceleaf Violet | |||
| Viola minuscula | Wild White Violet | |||
| Viola palmata var. palmata | Wood Violet | |||
| Viola primulifolia | Primrose-leaf Violet | |||
| Viola pubescens | ||||
| Viola rafinesquei | Wild Pansy, Field Pansy | |||
| Viola rostrata | Long-spurred Violet | |||
| Viola rotundifolia | Round-leaf Yellow Violet, Early Yellow Violet | |||
| Viola sagittata | Arrowhead Violet | |||
| Viola septemloba | Sandy pinelands | |||
| Viola sororia var. sororia | Dooryard Violet, Confederate Violet, Common Blue Violet | |||
| Viola striata | Creamy Violet | |||
| Viola subsinuata var. subsinuata | Wavy-leaved Violet | |||
| Viola tenuipes | ||||
| Viola tricolor | Pansy, Johnny-jump-up | |||
| Viola tripartita | Threepart Violet | |||
| Viola villosa | Southern Woolly Violet | |||
| Viola vittata | Strap-leaved Violet | |||
| Viola walteri | Walter's Violet, Prostrate Blue Violet |
Identification Key
1. Plant caulescent
2
1. Plant acaulescent
6
2. Stipules usually entire; corolla yellow with dark veins especially on the lower petal
2. Stipules pectinate or lobed; corolla white to blue to purple
3
3. Stipules deeply lobed
4
3. Stipules pectinate
5
4. Corolla pale violet with darkened branched veins especially on the lower 3 petals
4. Corolla variable (e.g. white, yellow, red, violet in various combinations) with darkened unbranched streaks especially on the lower 3 petals
5. Aerial stems ascending to erect, not rooting at nodes; leaf blades venation generally concolorous with rest of blade
5. Aerial stems stoloniferous; leaf blades often with darkened venation
6. Corolla mostly white with a yellow throat and darkened veins on the lower petal
7
6. Corolla mostly pale blue to violet with a white to pale yellowish white throat and darkened veins on the lower petal
8
7. Leaf blades linear to lanceolate, (2-)2.8-25 times longer than wide, the base generally gradually tapered
7. Leaf blades narrowly ovate to ovate-deltate, 1.5–2.5 times longer than wide, the base mostly abruptly rounded to subcordate and then often tapering
8. Inner leaf blades cleft, deeply toothed, or lobed (outer leaf blades sometimes undivided)
8. Leaf blades all undivided
11
9. Leaves and peduncles glabrate; mid-season blades with 7-9 lobes, the middle lobes narrowly elliptic, lanceolate, spatulate, or obovate, (rarely linear), lateral lobes lanceolate or spatulate to falcate, margins usually entire, sometimes serrate, sometimes with narrowly deltate or falcate appendages or teeth, ciliate or eciliate, apex acute to mucronulate
9. Leaves and peduncles pubescent or glabrous; mid-season blades with 3-9 lobes, the middle lobes usually ovate or elliptic to widely obovate, sometimes narrowly elliptic, narrowly ovate, lanceolate, or spatulate to narrowly obovate, lateral lobes elliptic, obdeltate, or spatulate to falcate, smaller lobes similar, apex acute, rounded, blunt, or obtuse
10
10. Leaves and peduncles usually pubescent, rarely glabrous; apex of middle leaf lobe acute; plants of dry to mesic habitats
10. Leaves and peduncles usually glabrous, rarely pubescent; apex of middle leaf lobe rounded, blunt, or obtuse; plants of wet ground.
11. Leaf blades densely pubescent throughout
11. Leaf blades glabrous to sparsely or unevenly pubescent
12
12. Leaf blades deltate, 1.5-3 times longer than wide
12. Leaf blades generally ovate, mostly 1-1.5 times longer than wide
13
13. Sepal auricles 1-2 mm long
13. Sepal auricles 2-6 mm long
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| No synonyms found. | |||