Contains 14 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
An expanded Melanthiaceae includes the genera Paris, Pseudotrillium, and Trillium, formerly separated as the family Trilliaceae (Kim et al. 2016).
Classification
Citation
TRILLIUM Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 339. 1753.
-
TYPE: Trillium cernuum Linnaeus Lectotypified by Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2. 1: 523. 1913.
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trillium cuneatum | Sweet Betsy, Purple Toadshade, Large Toadshade, Wedge-petal Trillium, Bloody Butcher | |||
| Trillium decipiens | Chattahoochee Trillium, Deceptive Trillium | |||
| Trillium discolor | Pale Yellow Trillium, Pale Trillium, Small Yellow Toadshade | |||
| Trillium flexipes | ||||
| Trillium grandiflorum | Large-flowered Trillium, White Trillium, Great White Trillium | |||
| Trillium lancifolium | Lanceleaf Trillium, Narrowleaf Trillium | |||
| Trillium maculatum | Mottled Trillium, Spotted Trillium | |||
| Trillium oostingii | Wateree River Trillium | |||
| Trillium persistens | Persistent Trillium | |||
| Trillium pusillum var. pusillum | Carolina Least Trillium, Carolina Dwarf Trillium | |||
| Trillium reliquum | Relict Trillium | |||
| Trillium rugelii | Southern Nodding Trillium | |||
| Trillium simile | Sweet White Trillium | |||
| Trillium vaseyi | Sweet Trillium, Vasey’s Trillium, Sweet Beth |
Identification Key
1. Leaf-like bracts 2.5-3.5 times as long as wide; sepals spreading to reflexed with the tips hanging below the bracts; petals distinctly clawed, the claw purplish and darker in color than the blade, the blade yellow to pale purplish; filaments and antherse 4-6 mm long, subequal
1. Leaf-like bracts 0.8-2.5 times as long as wide; sepals spreading to reflexed with the tips usually not hanging below the bracts; petals without a claw or slightly clawed, the petal generally uniformly colored, greenish to dark purplish; filaments 1-3 mm long, much shorter than the anthers, the anthers 8-16 mm long
2
2. Leaf-like bracts usually widest near the middle; anther dehiscence introrse; petals (3)4-5(7.5) times longer than wide; ovary weakly 3-angled to smooth (rarely very obscurely 6-angled)
2. Leaf-like bracts widest below the middle; anther dehiscence latrorse, occasionally introrse basally with age; petals 2-5(6) times longer than wide; ovary strongly 6-angled
3
3. Scape 17-44 cm long, 2.5-3 times longer than leaf-like bracts; bract tips at anthesis held far above the ground; petals 2-3 times longer than wide
3. Scape 8-20 cm long, 1-2 times longer than leaf-like bracts; bract tips at anthesis typically nearly touching the ground or nearly so; petals (2.5)3-5(6) times longer than wide
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| No synonyms found. | |||