Vulpia is generally included in Festuca but Lolium may also become synonymous (Díaz-Pérez et al. 2014; Inda et al. 2014; Soreng et al. 2015; Cheng et al. 2016). Being published simultaneously, Lolium and Festuca would have equal priority until an author establishes one over the other (Art. 11.5), although retaining the much larger genus Festuca would probably be more practical. Columbus & Smith, Jr. (2010) favored the use of Festuca and treating Lolium as its synonym.